20 Best Places to Visit in Turkey
Turkey is a country that always surprises me, no matter how many times I visit. I’ve been there 6 times already and would return again in a heartbeat!
From remote beaches and ancient ruins to towering mountains and temperate rainforests, this continent-spanning country is an endless treasure chest of experiences waiting to be uncovered.
Here are 20 of my favourite places to visit in Turkey. Over the years, I’ve explored most of the main iconic destinations and plenty of hidden gems, and I’m excited to share them with you today.
Whether you’re planning your first visit or returning to see more, these are the places that really left an impression on me.
Need help planning your next trip? Hire me as your Personal Travel Planner!
1. Istanbul
I first visited Istanbul with a friend who insisted we begin at the Hagia Sophia. The moment I walked through those doors, I felt the weight of history echoing off its towering dome.
Across the plaza stands the Blue Mosque, named for its intricate blue tiles. To this day, it’s one of the most impressive and beautiful buildings I’ve ever stepped foot inside.
Nearby, Topkapi Palace hints at a world of Ottoman sultans and hidden treasures. Wandering its rooms, it’s easy to picture the lavish feasts held here over the centuries.
Istanbul is the only city in the world bridging two continents, which you can really sense when you cross the Galata Bridge or take a ferry along the Bosphorus.
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Don’t miss the Grand Bazaar, where patterned carpets, fragrant spices, ornate silverware, and a whole host of other things will set your senses alight.
Spring or autumn is lovely for a visit, as the temperatures are mild and crowds are smaller. Wear comfy shoes. You’ll do plenty of walking.
2. Pamukkale
Pamukkale is famous for its stunning white travertine terraces filled with mineral-rich thermal waters. These cascading pools create a surreal, almost snowy landscape.
The ancient city of Hierapolis lies just above the terraces. This UNESCO World Heritage site boasts impressive ruins, including a theatre, Roman baths, and a necropolis, offering a fascinating glimpse into Turkey’s ancient past.
Cleopatra’s Pool, a thermal pool filled with submerged columns, is another highlight. Legend has it that the Egyptian queen once swam here, and today, you can enjoy a soak in its warm, healing waters.
Pamukkale is best visited in the early morning or late afternoon to avoid the crowds and take the best photos.
Wear non-slip shoes, as the terraces can be slippery, and remember to walk barefoot on certain sections to protect the natural formations.
3. Cappadocia
I remember the first time I saw Cappadocia’s fairy chimneys in person. They looked like something from another planet, with jagged spires and hidden caves carved into the rock.
My first stop was the Göreme Open-Air Museum. Wandering among Byzantine-era churches feels surreal, especially when you notice the colourful frescoes that have survived for centuries.
A hot air balloon ride is one of the most popular things to do here. Drifting above the valleys at sunrise, floating past rock formations tinted pink by the morning light, feels like a dream.
I also explored on foot, following dusty trails that led me to deserted cave homes and secret viewpoints. It’s a fun experience, and totally free!
Book your balloon trip early, because those spots go fast.
4. Antalya
Antalya, located along Turkey’s Mediterranean coast, is known for its beautiful beaches, ancient ruins, and lively nightlife.
Kaleiçi, Antalya’s historic old town, is filled with cobblestone streets, Ottoman-era houses, and bustling bazaars. It’s the perfect spot for a leisurely stroll and discovering local shops and cafes.
For a scenic experience, visit the Duden Waterfalls. These cascading falls are a refreshing escape from the city, and the lower falls dramatically plunge into the Mediterranean.
Konyaalti Beach offers a blend of natural beauty and modern amenities. It’s a great spot to relax, swim, and enjoy views of the Taurus Mountains in the background.
5. Ephesus
Ephesus is one of Turkey’s most well-preserved ancient cities, offering a journey back to the time of the Greeks and Romans.
The Library of Celsus is a must-see, with its impressive two-story facade adorned with detailed carvings and statues. It once held thousands of scrolls and remains one of the most iconic structures in Ephesus.
The Temple of Artemis, although now in ruins, was one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World.
The Great Theatre, carved into the hillside, offers insight into the cultural life of ancient Ephesians. With seating for up to 25,000 people, it’s a breathtaking example of ancient engineering.
Hiring a guide can enrich your experience by bringing the city’s rich history to life.
6. Kars and Ani Ruins
Kars is a city near Turkey’s northeastern border. It’s an intriguing destination with a unique blend of Armenian and Turkish heritage.
It’s also the gateway to the Ani Ruins, one of my favourite –and certainly one of the most atmospheric – places to visit in Turkey.
The Ani Ruins, often called the “City of 1,001 Churches,” are a vast archaeological site with remnants of churches, cathedrals, and mosques dating back over a thousand years.
At the height of its power in the 10th and 11th centuries, Ani was one of the wealthiest cities in the world, and the capital of the Armenian empire. It was also a key trading post along the legendary Silk Road.
Today, the whole city lies in ruins, sacked by Mongol hordes and various other invading armies.
Despite its significance, it hardly receives any visitors compared with Turkey’s better-known ancient sites. When I visited, I was one of the only people there all afternoon.
Winter in Kars is particularly magical, as snow covers the landscape, enhancing the ruins’ mystique. However, summer offers milder weather for walking through the extensive site.
7. Mount Ararat
Mount Ararat is Turkey’s highest peak, and its towering silhouette seems to float above the plains.
It’s located in the far east of Turkey, near the Armenian and Iranian borders.
According to the Bible, this was where Noah’s Ark came to rest after the flood (although there’s little archaeological evidence to support this claim).
Either way, this volcanic mountain is a beautiful place and a top destination for hiking and mountaineering.
Trekking up Mount Ararat is a challenging but rewarding experience. You’ll pass through a range of landscapes and climate zones, from green pastures to rocky (and eventually icy) slopes.
The panoramic views over the surrounding region are spectacular all the way.
You need to be prepared and have a good level of physical fitness, but it’s a hike, not a technical climb.
Nearby villages provide a glimpse into local Kurdish culture, offering insights into the lives of those who live at the foot of the mountain.
Summer is the ideal season for trekking, as the weather is more stable.
A guided tour is recommended for safety and navigation, as the mountain’s conditions can be demanding.
8. Sumela Monastery
Sumela Monastery clings to a sheer cliff in the Black Sea region.
The first time I saw it, I wondered how anyone managed to build something so impressive against such vertical terrain.
I hiked up the valley and through the thick forest to reach the entrance. It’s a peaceful, pleasant hike with plenty of places to stop and enjoy the scenery.
If you’d rather not hike, you can either drive, or take a taxi or a tourist shuttle bus from nearby towns, including Trabzon (which is about an hour’s drive away).
Inside, the vivid frescoes really drew my attention. Their colours and detailed scenes tell stories of faith and tradition, and the oldest ones (located inside the cave church) date back to the 13th century.
The views from up there are equally impressive. Gazing out over the valley, surrounded by mist and ancient trees, gave me a sense of peace you rarely find in popular spots like this.
9. Bodrum
Bodrum is a popular seaside resort town known for its beaches, nightlife, lively atmosphere, and ancient ruins.
It’s a popular holiday destination with tourists from all over Europe.
Bodrum Castle, built by the Knights of St. John, is a striking landmark overlooking the harbour.
Today, it houses the Museum of Underwater Archaeology, with fascinating exhibits on ancient shipwrecks and maritime history.
The Mausoleum at Halicarnassus is another must-see. Just like the Temple of Artemis at Ephesus, this is another of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World. (Yes, Turkey has two of these Wonders!)
Though only remnants remain, it’s a significant archaeological site with deep historical importance.
Bodrum’s marina is lined with cafes, boutiques, and luxury yachts. In the evenings, the town’s bars and clubs come to life and stay open into the early hours.
10. Ankara
Ankara, Turkey’s capital, is rich in history and culture, offering a more laid-back experience than Istanbul.
It’s home to a number of significant landmarks that provide insight into Turkey’s ancient past and modern identity.
The Atatürk Mausoleum, a grand memorial to Turkey’s founding father, Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, is a powerful site. The mausoleum’s architecture and exhibits honour his legacy and role in shaping modern Turkey.
The Museum of Anatolian Civilizations is another must-visit, showcasing artefacts from Turkey’s earliest history, including relics from the Hittite, Phrygian, and Urartian cultures.
Ankara’s historic districts, like Ulus, offer a glimpse of Ottoman architecture, with narrow streets and traditional wooden houses.
Visit in spring or autumn for comfortable temperatures.
11. Fethiye
Fethiye is a picturesque coastal town known for its turquoise waters, scenic beaches, and outdoor activities.
Ölüdeniz Beach, with its stunning blue lagoon, is one of Turkey’s most famous beaches. The calm, clear water is perfect for swimming.
Paragliding from Babadag Mountain is a popular activity here. Soaring above the lagoon and coastline, you’ll enjoy breathtaking aerial views.
Butterfly Valley, accessible by boat, is a hidden gem with waterfalls and rugged cliffs. It’s a beautiful spot for hiking, swimming, and exploring nature.
12. Troy
Troy is one of the world’s most famous archaeological sites, legendary for its connection to Homer’s Iliad.
The ancient city’s layers of ruins reveal a rich history spanning thousands of years.
A replica of the Trojan Horse greets you at the entrance, offering a fun photo opportunity and a nod to the legendary tale of the Trojan War.
Exploring the ancient city walls and remnants of buildings provides insight into the lives of its ancient inhabitants. The site’s history is complex, with layers of civilisation built one atop the other.
A guided tour enhances the experience, helping you understand the significance of each layer and Troy’s role in ancient history and mythology.
13. Pergamon
Pergamon is an ancient city perched on a hilltop that was once a powerful cultural and medical centre.
The Acropolis of Pergamon, accessible by cable car, contains the remains of temples, an amphitheatre, and the famous Altar of Zeus. The amphitheatre, steeply built into the hillside, offers breathtaking views of the valley below.
The Asclepion, an ancient healing centre dedicated to the god of medicine, Asclepius, is another highlight. Here, you can explore ancient treatment rooms – evidence of Pergamon’s historical role in early medicine.
14. Kaş
Kaş is a charming seaside town on Turkey’s Mediterranean coast, popular for its laid-back atmosphere, diving sites, and scenic beaches.
Kaputaş Beach, just a short drive from Kaş, is one of Turkey’s most stunning beaches. Its turquoise water and sandy cove are perfect for a day of sunbathing and swimming.
For divers, Kaş offers some of the best spots in Turkey, with underwater caves, wrecks, and vibrant marine life. Local dive centres offer guided dives suitable for both beginners and experienced divers.
Hiking a section of the Lycian Way is a great way to explore the area’s natural beauty. This trail offers scenic views of the coastline, mountains, and ancient Lycian ruins.
15. Van
Van, situated by Turkey’s largest lake, is known for its wild open landscapes, ancient sites, and unique culture.
It’s a fascinating destination for anyone looking to experience a different side of Turkey.
Lake Van is an obvious, with its deep blue waters and surrounding mountains. You can take a boat trip to Akdamar Island, home to the beautiful Armenian Akdamar Church, known for its intricate stone carvings.
Van Castle, perched on a hill overlooking the lake, offers panoramic views and a glimpse into the region’s rich history. It’s a scenic spot for exploring ancient ruins and taking in the landscape.
Don’t miss the traditional Van breakfast, a delicious spread of cheeses, honey, and fresh bread that’s famous across Turkey.
16. Mardin
Mardin is an ancient city with unique stone architecture, overlooking the vast Mesopotamian plains.
The Zinciriye Medresesi, a beautiful Islamic school, is a must-visit. Its impressive stonework and views over the plains provide a serene setting and showcase Mardin’s architectural style.
The Mardin Museum offers a deeper understanding of the city’s history, displaying artefacts from various cultures that have shaped the region over centuries.
Strolling through Mardin’s narrow streets, you’ll find traditional stone houses, bustling markets, and a blend of Arabic, Kurdish, and Turkish cultures that give the city a unique character.
17. Patara
Patara is home to Turkey’s longest beach and a treasure trove of ancient ruins. This expansive beach offers soft sands and crystal-clear water.
I came here as a kid on a family holiday – my first of many trips to Turkey! It was during the summer and I remember the sand was so hot you couldn’t step on it barefoot!
The nearby Patara Ruins include a well-preserved Roman theatre, ancient baths, and the remains of the city’s once-bustling port.
Patara Beach is part of a protected area, known for its nesting loggerhead turtles. If you’re lucky, you might spot these remarkable creatures during nesting season.
Bring water and sunscreen, as there is little shade.
18. Safranbolu
Safranbolu is a UNESCO-listed town known for its beautifully preserved Ottoman architecture and traditional charm.
Walking through its narrow streets feels like stepping back in time, with historic houses, mosques, and markets around every corner.
The town’s famous Ottoman-style houses, with their distinct wooden facades and red-tiled roofs, offer a glimpse into Turkey’s architectural heritage. Many have been converted into boutique hotels.
Cinci Han, a 17th-century caravanserai, is a must-visit. This historic inn once welcomed Silk Road travellers, and today, it serves as a unique spot to explore and enjoy a traditional Turkish tea.
The old bazaar is filled with shops selling local crafts, sweets, and Turkish delights, making it a great place for souvenir shopping.
19. Alaçatı
Alaçatı is a charming Aegean town with picturesque stone houses, boutique shops, and a lively windsurfing scene.
The town’s cobblestone streets are lined with colourful cafes, artisan boutiques, and old stone houses draped in bougainvillaea. It’s a pleasure to explore on foot.
Alaçatı’s beaches and steady winds make it a top spot for windsurfing. Whether you’re a beginner or experienced, you’ll find rental shops and schools offering lessons to enjoy the sport.
Local vineyards and olive groves add to the area’s appeal. Take time to sample the regional wines and olive oils.
20. Göbekli Tepe
Göbekli Tepe, near Şanlıurfa, is considered the world’s oldest known temple complex, dating back over 11,000 years. That’s 6,000 years older than Stonehenge!
This remarkable archaeological site has helped shape our understanding of early human civilisation.
The site features massive stone pillars arranged in circles, each with intricate carvings of animals and abstract symbols. These structures hint at the spiritual beliefs of one of humanity’s earliest societies.
Walking among these ancient stones offers a unique perspective on human history and the origins of worship. The mystery surrounding Göbekli Tepe’s purpose only adds to its intrigue.
Visiting in spring or autumn provides comfortable weather for exploring the open site. A guide is helpful to understand the historical and cultural significance of this groundbreaking discovery.
FAQs
When is the best time to visit Turkey?
The best time to visit Turkey is generally in spring (April to June) and autumn (September to November), when the weather is mild and ideal for sightseeing and outdoor activities. These seasons also bring fewer crowds, making popular sites more enjoyable to explore.
Do I need a visa to visit Turkey?
Many nationalities need an e-visa to enter Turkey, which can be obtained online before arrival. Check the current visa requirements for your nationality before your trip to ensure a smooth entry process.
What’s the best way to travel around Turkey?
Turkey has an extensive bus network and domestic flights, making it easy to travel between cities. Renting a car is ideal if you plan to explore more remote areas, offering flexibility and access to lesser-known spots.
Is Turkey safe for solo travellers?
Turkey is generally safe for solo travellers, but it’s wise to stay alert in crowded areas and follow standard travel precautions. Solo travellers are usually welcomed warmly, though exercising caution is always recommended.
What currency is used in Turkey?
Turkey uses the Turkish Lira (TRY). ATMs are widely available in cities, but carrying cash is advisable, especially when visiting more remote areas where card payments may be limited.
Final Thoughts
Turkey has so much to offer, from ancient ruins and iconic landmarks to stunning beaches and lively towns.
Whether you’re exploring the historical sites of Ephesus, relaxing on the shores of Bodrum, or discovering the surreal landscapes of Cappadocia, Turkey is full of amazing experiences.
To fully experience what Turkey has to offer, be sure to explore both its famous destinations and off-the-beaten-path gems.
Check out some of my other posts on Turkey, and let me help you plan an unforgettable trip!
Essential Travel Resources
🛏️ Book cheap hotels
I always use Booking.com to find the best hotel deals. Vrbo is great for short-term apartments.
🚗 Find cheap rental cars
Check both Discover Cars and Rentalcars.com to find cheap rental cars.
🌍 Book the best tours
Viator and GetYourGuide have a huge selection of tours in virtually every destination worldwide.
✈️ Find cheap flights
I use a combination of Skyscanner and Google Flights to find cheap flights.
📱 eSIMs
Airalo is my favourite travel eSIM provider – I’ve used it in over 10 countries and really rate it. So much easier than buying physical SIM cards when you travel!
🚑 Do I need travel insurance?
YES! Never travel without adequate travel insurance. It’s just not worth the risk.
• SafetyWing – if you’re a digital nomad like me, SafetyWing is super flexible and affordable. You can sign up for as little or as long as you want, and activate and deactivate it whenever you need to. I’ve made several claims in the last few years and thoroughly recommend this company.
• World Nomads – for adventurous travellers, covers 200+ activities that many other insurers won’t, such as skydiving, heli-skiing, rock climbing, rafting, scuba diving, cliff jumping, and kiteboarding (not available for residents of every country – check here).
💻 Do I need a VPN?
YES! Always use a VPN when using public WiFi (in airports, cafes, hotels, stations, etc.). This helps protect your personal information and also bypasses internet censorship and restrictions in certain countries. I use NordVPN and highly recommend it.
